Sampling error, however, is oversimplified when presented as a single number in reports that may include subgroups, poll-to-poll changes, lopsided margins and results measured on the difference ...

While representative sampling is one of the most effective methods used to reduce error, it is often not enough to do so sufficiently on its own.

Showing margins of errors in graphics can help prevent readers from thinking that survey estimates are more precise than they really are.

This paper presents an exact finite-sample statistical procedure for testing hypotheses about the weights of mean-variance efficient portfolios. The estimation and inference procedures on efficient ...

Philip D. McLoughlin, , Relative Contributions of Sampling Error in Initial Population Size and Vital Rates to Outcomes of Population Viability Analysis, Conservation ...