Open-Loop vs. Closed-Loop So where exactly does open-loop end and closed-loop begin? The line seems clear for some systems, but muddy for others. How much feedback is enough to qualify?

Open-Loop vs. Closed-Loop So where exactly does open-loop end and closed-loop begin? The line seems clear for some systems, but muddy for others. How much feedback is enough to qualify?

A great example of a closed loop system is TfL’s Oyster card, which many customers still choose to use on its network despite the availability of an open loop alternative. Closed loop systems rely on ...

For those in the transit industry, it’s easy to get lost in the jargon. Terms like card-based, account-based, open-loop and ...

Closed Loop MRP (Manufacturing Resource Planning) is a computerized system used for production planning and inventory control.

The inherent frictions between closed-loop systems (multiple sovereign states) is what brought about the need for open-looped solutions.

The first randomized phase 2 trial to evaluate outcomes for spinal cord stimulation finds an advantage for an investigational closed-loop system over open-loop.