Here's how to make classes, fields, methods, constructors, and objects work together in your Java programs.

In Java, encapsulation basically translates to this simple guideline: “Don’t access your object’s data directly; use its methods.” That is an elementary idea, but it eases our lives as ...

Object-oriented systems are usually partitioned into layers of related responsibilities and only dependencies in one direction are allowed, from higher layers (more specific, less reusable) to lower ...

However, the Java Platform provides a data structure that greatly simplifies the use of reference objects like this, called the java.util.WeakHashMap class. WeakHashMap works exactly like a hash ...