Introduction to Magic VLSI Magic is an open-source VLSI layout tool originally developed by John Ousterhout and his team at UC Berkeley. It is widely used for physical chip layout and runs primarily ...

Digital electronics rely on logic gates to perform operations. While modern integrated circuits (ICs) contain millions or billions of transistors packed into a small chip, understanding the ...

The screen of NandGame looks like this. We will install a NAND gate on the purple board and build a new circuit. The explanation of the circuit to be assembled is written on the left. The language can ...

Flash memory stores information in an array of memory cells made from floating-gate transistors. Each memory cell resembles a standard metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) except ...

Abstract: “NAND flash technology has come to dominate the nonvolatile memory market due to its low cost and high capacity. In the early days, it was used in media storage devices, an application in ...