Abstract: For the semantic characteristic problems of medium proposition logic (MP), some people had given out the three values interpretation (model) in the past, so many scholars (include founders) ...

when thinking about logical agents, we imagine that the agent has a knowledge base (KB for short) that contains logical sentences that describe the state of the world you could think of a KB as a ...

The Journal of Philosophical Logic provides a forum for work at the crossroads of philosophy and logic, old and new, with contributions ranging from conceptual to technical. Accordingly, the Journal ...

Abstract: Since three-valued model of medium logic (ML) was established, ML has been affirmed one kind of three-valued logic by many scholars. However, for medium proposition logic (MP) being as ...

Girard introduced phase semantics as a complete set-theoretic semantics of linear logic, and Okada modified phase-semantic completeness proofs to obtain normalform theorems. On the basis of these ...

Epistemic logic constitutes a rigorous framework for representing and reasoning about knowledge and belief. Central to this discipline is the formalisation of how agents acquire, retain and attribute ...

First-order logic (FOL), also known as predicate logic, extends [[Propositional Logic]] by incorporating quantifiers (e.g., ∀ for "for all" and ∃ for "there exists") and predicates that can express ...

Negation of simple clauses is formed with the negative particle not. There are two kindes of negation: simple sentence negation and contrastive negation. Let us start with sentence negation. At ...